Carbon Fiber Electrode Array
Type: Electrophysiology / Probes,
Keywords: Carbon Fiber Electrodes, Electrophysiology, Dopaminergic Measurements, Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV)
Carbon fiber electrodes for electrophysiological or dopamingeric recordings
We have developed carbon fiber electrode arrays that can be optimized for either electrophsiology or the detection of dopamine. In addition, we have implemented tip sharpening techniques for better penetration into tissue such as nerves and ganglia. We wish to continue distributing these electrodes to existing collaborators and expand to new labs, with an overall emphasis on electrode customization per the user’s needs.
* We have developed a 16 channel high density carbon fiber arrays that that comes in 3mm, 6mm, and 9mm lengths designed to self-insert and targets brain region for optimized electrophysiology or dopamingeric recordings or peripheral nervous tissue for electrophysiology recording or stimulation.
* Validated a laser cutting technique that produced electrodes of approximately 257 μm2 surface area, achieving a much larger apparent neuron recording yield than our previous carbon fiber work
* The increase in recording yield is in part due to the more consistent exposure of carbon at the tip, a volumetrically compact geometry with increased surface area, and a reduction in 1 kHz impedance
* We have also validated a blowtorch sharpening technique that allows the fibers to penetrate into tougher tissue such as nerve and dorsal root ganglion.
* Collectively, this provides evidence to support carbon fiber arrays as a viable approach to high-density, clinically-feasible brain-machine interfaces
* With greater improvements in device manufacturing, carbon fibers electrodes may ultimately provide the means to create a stable, high density interface to the nervous system
* An additional benefit of the carbon fiber arrays is that they can left in place during tissue slicing, allowing for precise localization of their implant location
* Recording acute or chronic electrophysiology in the brain
* Recording acute electrophysiology in the peripheral nervous system
* Stimulating either cortical or peripheral tissue
* Detecting dopamine, either acutely or chronically, at a high spatial resolution (16ch at a pitch of 100 or 120 µm) in pathways of the brain such as the dorsal or ventral striatum which are associated with reward and addiction behavior
* Chronically implant the array into a region of the brain associated with dopamine release and perform behavioral tasks (nose poke for rewards, narcotic self-administration, etc.) to better understand dopamine kinetics
* Acutely implant the array into tissue such as octopus arm axial cord, rat brain organoids, rat dorsal root ganglion, Aplsyia, or rat spinal cord to record electrophysiology that can also be coupled with external stimuli or other behavioral metrics.
* Chronically implant the array into songbird LMAN or rat cortex to record electrophysiology.
* Rats
* Mice
* Aplysia
* Octopus
* Songbirds
* Honey Bees
* Low noise and high yield for electrodes optimized for electrophysiology
* High spatial resolution and low noise for the detection of dopamine in regions of the brain with heterogenous kinetics
* Ability to localize the electrode after implantation by slicing the electrodes in place with the tissue
* Richie et al., 2021, Open-source Toolkit: Benchtop Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Array for Nerve Recording, JOVE, DOI: 10.3791/63099
* della Valle et al., 2021, Electrodeposited Platinum Iridium Enables Microstimulation With Carbon Fiber Electrodes, Frontiers in Nanotechnology, DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.782883
* Huan et al., 2021., Carbon fiber electrodes for intracellular recording and stimulation, Journal of Neural Engineering, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac3dd7
* Welle et al., 2020, Ultra-small carbon fiber electrode recording site optimization and improved in vivo chronic recording yield, Journal of Neural Engineering, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab8343
* Patel et al., 2020, High density carbon fiber arrays for chronic electrophysiology, fast scan cyclic voltammetry, and correlative anatomy, Journal of Neural Engineering, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abb1f6
* https://static.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.937923/full
Paras Patel (Assistant Research Scientist)
Cynthia Chestek (Associate Professor)
University of Michigan
TEAM / COLLABORATOR(S)
Euisik Yoon (U-M Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science)
György Buzsáki (Professor of Neuroscience at New York University)
Dawen Cai (Assistant Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology at U-M)
Cynthia Chestek (Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at U-M)
Viviana Gradinaru (Professor of Biology and Biological Engineering at California Institute of Technology)
John Seymour (Assistant Research Scientist in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at U-M)
James Weiland (Professor of Biomedical Engineering at U-M)
Ken Wise (the William Gould Dow Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at U-M)
FUNDING SOURCE(S)
NIH #1OT2OD024907
NINDS #UF1NS107659
NSF DBI-1707316
NINDS #U01NS094375